Criminal Code (R.S.C., 1985, c. C-46)

Marginal note:Offences — freezing of property, disclosure or audit

• 83.12 (1) Every person who contravenes any of sections 83.08, 83.1 and 83.11 is guilty of an offence and liable

  • (a) on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years; or

  • (b) on summary conviction, to a fine of not more than $100,000 or to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years less a day, or to both.

• (2) [Repealed, 2013, c. 9, s. 5]

Seizure and Restraint of Property

Marginal note:Seizure and restraint of assets

• 83.13 (1) Where a judge of the Federal Court, on an ex parte application by the Attorney General, after examining the application in private, is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds to believe that there is in any building, receptacle or place any property in respect of which an order of forfeiture may be made under subsection 83.14(5), the judge may issue

  • (a) if the property is situated in Canada, a warrant authorizing a person named therein or a peace officer to search the building, receptacle or place for that property and to seize that property and any other property in respect of which that person or peace officer believes, on reasonable grounds, that an order of forfeiture may be made under that subsection; or

  • (b) if the property is situated in or outside Canada, a restraint order prohibiting any person from disposing of, or otherwise dealing with any interest in, that property other than as may be specified in the order.

• Marginal note:Contents of application

  (1.1) An affidavit in support of an application under subsection (1) may be sworn on information and belief, and, notwithstanding the Federal Court Rules, 1998, no adverse inference shall be drawn from a failure to provide evidence of persons having personal knowledge of material facts.

• Marginal note:Appointment of manager

  (2) On an application under subsection (1), at the request of the Attorney General, if a judge is of the opinion that the circumstances so require, the judge may

  • (a) appoint a person to take control of, and to manage or otherwise deal with, all or part of the property in accordance with the directions of the judge; and

  • (b) require any person having possession of that property to give possession of the property to the person appointed under paragraph (a).

• Marginal note:Appointment of Minister of Public Works and Government Services

  (3) When the Attorney General of Canada so requests, a judge appointing a person under subsection (2) shall appoint the Minister of Public Works and Government Services.

• Marginal note:Power to manage

  (4) The power to manage or otherwise deal with property under subsection (2) includes

  • (a) the power to make an interlocutory sale of perishable or rapidly depreciating property;

  • (b) the power to destroy, in accordance with subsections (5) to (8), property that has little or no value; and

  • (c) the power to have property, other than real property or a conveyance, forfeited to Her Majesty in accordance with subsection (8.1).

• Marginal note:Application for destruction order

  (5) Before a person who is appointed to manage property destroys property that has little or no value, they shall apply to a judge of the Federal Court for a destruction order.

• Marginal note:Notice

  (6) Before making a destruction order, a judge shall require notice in accordance with subsection (7) to be given to and may hear any person who, in the judge’s opinion, appears to have a valid interest in the property.

• Marginal note:Manner of giving notice

  (7) A notice shall

  • (a) be given in the manner that the judge directs or that may be specified in the rules of the Federal Court; and

  • (b) specify the effective period of the notice that the judge considers reasonable or that may be set out in the rules of the Federal Court.

• Marginal note:Destruction order

  (8) A judge shall order that the property be destroyed if they are satisfied that the property has little or no financial or other value.

• Marginal note:Forfeiture order

  (8.1) On application by a person who is appointed to manage the property, a judge of the Federal Court shall order that the property, other than real property or a conveyance, be forfeited to Her Majesty to be disposed of or otherwise dealt with in accordance with the law if

  • (a) a notice is given or published in the manner that the judge directs or that may be specified in the rules of the Federal Court;

  • (b) the notice specifies a period of 60 days during which a person may make an application to the judge asserting their interest in the property; and

  • (c) during that period, no one makes such an application.

• Marginal note:When management order ceases to have effect

  (9) A management order ceases to have effect when the property that is the subject of the management order is returned in accordance with the law, destroyed or forfeited to Her Majesty.

• Marginal note:For greater certainty

  (9.1) For greater certainty, if property that is the subject of a management order is sold, the management order applies to the net proceeds of the sale.

• Marginal note:Application to vary

  (10) The Attorney General may at any time apply to a judge of the Federal Court to cancel or vary an order or warrant made under this section, other than an appointment made under subsection (3).

• Marginal note:Procedure

  (11) Subsections 462.32(4) and (6), sections 462.34 to 462.35 and 462.4, subsection 487(3) and section 488 apply, with any modifications that the circumstances require, to a warrant issued under paragraph (1)(a). Any peace officer who executes the warrant must have authority to act as a peace officer in the place where it is executed.

• Marginal note:Procedure

  (12) Subsections 462.33(4) and (6) to (11) and sections 462.34 to 462.35 and 462.4 apply, with such modifications as the circumstances require, to an order issued under paragraph (1)(b).

Forfeiture of Property

Marginal note:Application for order of forfeiture

• 83.14 (1) The Attorney General may make an application to a judge of the Federal Court for an order of forfeiture in respect of

  • (a) property owned or controlled by or on behalf of a terrorist group; or

  • (b) property that has been or will be used, in whole or in part, to facilitate or carry out a terrorist activity.

• Marginal note:Contents of application

  (2) An affidavit in support of an application by the Attorney General under subsection (1) may be sworn on information and belief, and, notwithstanding the Federal Court Rules, 1998, no adverse inference shall be drawn from a failure to provide evidence of persons having personal knowledge of material facts.

• Marginal note:Respondents

  (3) The Attorney General is required to name as a respondent to an application under subsection (1) only those persons who are known to own or control the property that is the subject of the application.

• Marginal note:Notice

  (4) The Attorney General shall give notice of an application under subsection (1) to named respondents in such a manner as the judge directs or as provided in the rules of the Federal Court.

• Marginal note:Granting of forfeiture order

  (5) If a judge is satisfied on a balance of probabilities that property is property referred to in paragraph (1)(a) or (b), the judge shall order that the property be forfeited to Her Majesty to be disposed of as the Attorney General directs or otherwise dealt with in accordance with the law.

• Marginal note:Use of proceeds

  (5.1) Any proceeds that arise from the disposal of property under subsection (5) may be used to compensate victims of terrorist activities and to fund anti-terrorist initiatives in accordance with any regulations made by the Governor in Council under subsection (5.2).

• Marginal note:Regulations

  (5.2) The Governor in Council may make regulations for the purposes of specifying how the proceeds referred to in subsection (5.1) are to be distributed.

• Marginal note:Order refusing forfeiture

  (6) Where a judge refuses an application under subsection (1) in respect of any property, the judge shall make an order that describes the property and declares that it is not property referred to in that subsection.

• Marginal note:Notice

  (7) On an application under subsection (1), a judge may require notice to be given to any person who, in the opinion of the Court, appears to have an interest in the property, and any such person shall be entitled to be added as a respondent to the application.

• Marginal note:Third party interests

  (8) If a judge is satisfied that a person referred to in subsection (7) has an interest in property that is subject to an application, has exercised reasonable care to ensure that the property would not be used to facilitate or carry out a terrorist activity, and is not a member of a terrorist group, the judge shall order that the interest is not affected by the forfeiture. Such an order shall declare the nature and extent of the interest in question.

• Marginal note:Dwelling-house

  (9) Where all or part of property that is the subject of an application under subsection (1) is a dwelling-house, the judge shall also consider

  • (a) the impact of an order of forfeiture on any member of the immediate family of the person who owns or controls the dwelling-house, if the dwelling-house was the member’s principal residence at the time the dwelling-house was ordered restrained or at the time the forfeiture application was made and continues to be the member’s principal residence; and

  • (b) whether the member appears innocent of any complicity or collusion in the terrorist activity.

• Marginal note:Motion to vary or set aside

  (10) A person who claims an interest in property that was forfeited and who did not receive notice under subsection (7) may bring a motion to the Federal Court to vary or set aside an order made under subsection (5) not later than 60 days after the day on which the forfeiture order was made.

• Marginal note:No extension of time

  (11) The Court may not extend the period set out in subsection (10).

Marginal note:Disposition of property

83.15 Subsection 462.42(6) and sections 462.43 and 462.46 apply, with such modifications as the circumstances require, to property subject to a warrant or restraint order issued under subsection 83.13(1) or ordered forfeited under subsection 83.14(5).

Marginal note:Interim preservation rights

• 83.16 (1) Pending any appeal of an order made under section 83.14, property restrained under an order issued under section 83.13 shall continue to be restrained, property seized under a warrant issued under that section shall continue to be detained, and any person appointed to manage, control or otherwise deal with that property under that section shall continue in that capacity.

• Marginal note:Appeal of refusal to grant order

  (2) Section 462.34 applies, with such modifications as the circumstances require, to an appeal taken in respect of a refusal to grant an order under subsection 83.14(5).

Marginal note:Other forfeiture provisions unaffected

• 83.17 (1) This Part does not affect the operation of any other provision of this or any other Act of Parliament respecting the forfeiture of property.

• Marginal note:Priority for restitution to victims of crime

  (2) Property is subject to forfeiture under subsection 83.14(5) only to the extent that it is not required to satisfy the operation of any other provision of this or any other Act of Parliament respecting restitution to, or compensation of, persons affected by the commission of offences.

Participating, Facilitating, Instructing and Harbouring

Marginal note:Participation in activity of terrorist group

• 83.18 (1) Every person who knowingly participates in or contributes to, directly or indirectly, any activity of a terrorist group for the purpose of enhancing the ability of any terrorist group to facilitate or carry out a terrorist activity is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years.

• Marginal note:Prosecution

  (2) An offence may be committed under subsection (1) whether or not

  • (a) a terrorist group actually facilitates or carries out a terrorist activity;

  • (b) the participation or contribution of the accused actually enhances the ability of a terrorist group to facilitate or carry out a terrorist activity; or

  • (c) the accused knows the specific nature of any terrorist activity that may be facilitated or carried out by a terrorist group.

• Marginal note:Meaning of participating or contributing

  (3) Participating in or contributing to an activity of a terrorist group includes

  • (a) providing, receiving or recruiting a person to receive training;

  • (b) providing or offering to provide a skill or an expertise for the benefit of, at the direction of or in association with a terrorist group;

  • (c) recruiting a person in order to facilitate or commit

    • (i) a terrorism offence, or

    • (ii) an act or omission outside Canada that, if committed in Canada, would be a terrorism offence;

  • (d) entering or remaining in any country for the benefit of, at the direction of or in association with a terrorist group; and

  • (e) making oneself, in response to instructions from any of the persons who constitute a terrorist group, available to facilitate or commit

    • (i) a terrorism offence, or

    • (ii) an act or omission outside Canada that, if committed in Canada, would be a terrorism offence.

• Marginal note:Factors

  (4) In determining whether an accused participates in or contributes to any activity of a terrorist group, the court may consider, among other factors, whether the accused

  • (a) uses a name, word, symbol or other representation that identifies, or is associated with, the terrorist group;

  • (b) frequently associates with any of the persons who constitute the terrorist group;

  • (c) receives any benefit from the terrorist group; or

  • (d) repeatedly engages in activities at the instruction of any of the persons who constitute the terrorist group.

Marginal note:Leaving Canada to participate in activity of terrorist group

83.181 Every person who leaves or attempts to leave Canada, or goes or attempts to go on board a conveyance with the intent to leave Canada, for the purpose of committing an act or omission outside Canada that, if committed in Canada, would be an offence under subsection 83.18(1) is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years.