Flammable Liquids Bulk Storage Regulations (C.R.C., c. 1148)

• 39 (1) If the ground resistance of a Class I flammable liquid piping system exceeds 15 ohms, ground rods or other grounding devices shall be used.

• (2) All grounded pipelines for Class I flammable liquids shall be bonded at the joints with one No. 4 or two No. 6 A.W.G. electrical connections if flow to ground is interrupted by a gasket, joint compound or other non-conductive barrier.

• 40 (1) Hose and hose connections shall be fabricated of materials suitable for the flammable liquids being handled. Hose connections shall be constructed of spark resistant materials.

• (2) Hose and hose connections shall be designed to have a minimum bursting pressure of not less than five times the maximum working pressure to which they may be subjected and shall provide electrical continuity.

• (3) The hose, as assembled for use, shall be tested for leaks at twice the maximum working pressure before being put in service and should be tested annually thereafter at 1 1/2 times the working pressure and visually inspected once a month.

• 41 (1) Stationary internal combustion engines or non-explosion proof motors should not be used for the operation of Class I flammable liquid pumps. However, when the use of such engines or motors is necessary, they shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of this section.

• (2) Internal combustion engines or non-explosion proof motors, if housed, shall be isolated from the pump by a non-combustible and vapour-proof wall. Where shafts pierce the dividing wall, vapour-proof packing glands shall be installed.

• (3) The spark plugs and ignition system of an internal combustion engine shall be shielded and the engine shall be equipped with a spark arrestor muffler.

• (4) The engine exhaust shall terminate outside the building.

• (5) The fuel storage tank for an internal combustion engine shall be located outside the building.

• (6) The air intake to the carburetor of an internal combustion engine shall be located at least 18 inches above the pumphouse floor.

• (7) The entire system of an internal combustion engine or of a non-explosion proof motor shall be maintained in good operating condition at all times.

• (8) The main control switch for a non-explosion proof electric motor or the fuel shut-off valve or spark grounding device for an internal combustion engine shall be so located that the motor or engine may be stopped quickly in an emergency.

PART VBuildings

• 42 (1) Except as provided in subsection (2), a warehouse, pumphouse, or other similar building used for storing or handling flammable liquids and structures attached thereto shall be constructed of non-combustible materials and unless otherwise authorized by the Commission shall not be more than one storey in height.

• (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), buildings with a floor area not exceeding 2,000 square feet may have a wooden frame. The roof structure may be constructed of any material, provided it has a fire resistance rating of at least two hours.

• (3) The exposed wall of a building used for storing or handling flammable liquids, if located less than 10 feet from any property line which has been or may be built upon, shall be of blank masonry construction with a fire resistance rating of at least four hours.

• (4) Below ground rooms, basements or pits are prohibited under any building that contains flammable liquids or is located within 50 feet of a Class I flammable liquid storage tank exceeding 1,500 Imperial gallons capacity.

• (5) Warehouses, pumphouses and all other enclosures where flammable liquids are stored or handled shall be adequately ventilated with permanently open louvers located near floor level. It is recommended that the louvered ventilation area be at least one square foot per 50 square feet of floor space and be equally divided between opposite walls. If natural ventilation is not effective, then mechanical ventilation should be provided.

• (6) Containers or drums used for the storage or measuring of flammable liquids, whether filled, partly filled or empty, shall not be stored in the pumphouse.

• (7) If it is necessary to heat warehouses or any other building or enclosure where flammable liquids are stored or handled, the heat shall be supplied by low pressure steam, hot water, or other enclosed heat transfer media, and the heating source shall be located as prescribed in subsections (8) and (9).

• (8) Except as provided in subsection (9), a building housing any heat source shall be constructed as prescribed in this section and shall be located not less than 10 feet and as much more as is practicable, from any storage tank, loading or unloading rack or terminal or any building or enclosure containing flammable liquids.

• (9) An office attached to a warehouse or other building where flammable liquids are stored or handled may be heated by Class I, Division I, Group D electric heaters if the office is separated from the warehouse or other building by a blank wall with a fire resistance rating of at least two hours.

PART VILoading and Unloading

• 43 (1) During loading and unloading operations, the tank car shall be protected on the connected end or ends of the siding by a sign of metal or other suitable material 12 inches by 15 inches in size and reading “STOP — TANK CAR CONNECTED”. The word “STOP” shall be in letters at least four inches high and the other words in letters at least two inches high. The letters shall be white on a blue background.

• (2) The “STOP — TANK CAR CONNECTED” sign shall be placed on the tank car, or the loading or unloading track by the party responsible for the loading or unloading operations in such a manner that will ensure its visibility to the crew of an engine approaching the tank car on the same track.

• 44 (1) During loading or unloading operations, the party responsible shall keep the hand brakes applied and shall block the wheels at both ends to prevent any movement of the tank car.

• (2) Tank cars shall be disconnected from pipelines or hose lines immediately after the completion or suspension of loading or unloading operations.

• (3) At least one experienced operator supplied by the party responsible for the loading or unloading operations shall be in attendance on the installation site and shall be responsible for the safety of the transfer operations during the entire period that the tank car is connected to the loading or unloading racks or terminals.

• (4) Loading or unloading operations shall be carried out in daylight only unless adequate permanent lighting installed in accordance with section 54 is used.

45 Except as provided in Schedule II, the direct transfer of Class I flammable liquids between tank cars and tank trucks or drums is prohibited on carrier’s right-of-way.

46 All tracks, racks, terminals and piping systems used for loading or unloading Class I flammable liquids and crude petroleum shall be grounded and bonded in accordance with the requirements of the Electric Sparks Prevention Regulations.

47 Loading or unloading racks shall be constructed of metal, concrete or other material of equivalent permanence, strength and fire resistance.

• 48 (1) When the carrier’s track is a team or business track, it is recommended, when practicable, that Class I flammable liquid tank cars be protected during loading or unloading operations by a locked derail or switch located at least one car length from the tank car on the connected end or ends of such team or business track.

• (2) The loading or unloading of Class I flammable liquids from the bottom outlet of a tank car located on a team or business track is not permitted unless specifically requested by the applicant and approved by the Commission. Bottom unloading is prohibited less than 25 feet from the main track.

• (3) The procedure for loading or unloading tank cars as detailed in section 74.561 of the Regulations for the Transportation of Dangerous Commodities by Rail shall be followed.

PART VIIGeneral

• 49 (1) The installation site shall be free of debris or other combustible material, and grass and weed growth shall not be permitted to exceed six inches.

• (2) No combustible or dangerous commodities other than those sanctioned by the approving order shall be stored on the installation site.

50 Defective piping, valves or fittings shall be repaired or replaced immediately.

51 Smoking and the use of portable open flame lights or equipment is prohibited, except in isolated, clearly designated safe areas. Signs to this effect shall be posted at plant entrances, storage tanks, loading and unloading sites.

52 Welding is prohibited within 100 feet of a Class I flammable liquid or a crude petroleum loading or unloading site while loading or unloading operations are in progress. At other times, welding may be permitted only under close supervision and in accordance with the provisions of Canadian Standards Association Pamphlet W-117-1952 or subsequent edition.

• 53 (1) Dry powder, carbon dioxide, or other fire extinguishers suitable for small flammable liquid fires shall be readily available on the premises of every flammable liquid installation. Extinguishers subject to freezing shall be adequately protected. At least one fire extinguisher should be maintained on the outside premises.

• (2) It is recommended that all flammable liquid installations be protected by at least one standard fire hydrant so located that a 2 1/2-inch hose stream may be used for controlling a fire on the site, or for cooling storage tanks in case of adjacent fires. Consultation with the local fire authority is recommended.

• 54 (1) Except as provided in section 17, all electrical equipment and facilities located out-of-doors within 25 feet of a storage tank, loading, unloading rack or terminal, pump or pumphouse used for Class I flammable liquids or crude petroleum shall comply with the requirements of the Canadian Electrical Code for Class I, Division II, Group D hazardous locations.

• (2) Except as provided in section 41, all electrical equipment and facilities located inside a pumphouse, warehouse or other building where any flammable liquid is dispensed, processed or otherwise exposed to evaporation, leakage or spillage, or where Class I flammable liquids are stored or handled shall comply with the requirements of the Canadian Electrical Code for Class I, Division I, Group D hazardous locations.

• (3) All electrical equipment and facilities used in environments where explosion proof equipment and facilities are prescribed in this section shall be approved for Class I, Division I, Group D hazardous locations and shall be so marked or labelled by the manufacturer.

• 55 (1) It is recommended that every flammable liquid bulk storage installation be completely enclosed within a steel mesh fence not less than five feet in height. The mesh shall be made from steel wire of not less than 0.10 inch diameter. The mesh openings shall not be greater than six inches. The fence should be provided with at least two gates. Each gate shall be equipped with a lock.

• (2) If the installation is not fenced, then all storage tank shut-off valves shall be locked in the fully closed position when the plant is unattended. (Valves shall not be locked in an open position).

56 Stairs, platforms and walkways should be constructed of metal, concrete or some other non-combustible material.

• 57 (1) Storage tanks installed on ground which drains toward railway tracks, rights-of-way, adjacent waters, sewers, or congested areas shall be protected by suitable dikes.

• (2) Storage tanks containing crude petroleum shall be diked where railway or adjacent private property would be exposed in the event of a boil-over of the liquid.

• (3) Dikes for Class I or Class II liquids shall have a net capacity not less than the capacity of the largest storage tank plus 10 per cent of the aggregate capacity of all other storage tanks in the diked area.

• (4) Dikes for crude petroleum shall have a net capacity not less than the capacity of all the storage tanks in the diked area. The dikes shall be provided with flareback sections at the top of the dike designed to turn back a boil-over wave. These flareback sections shall not be required for dikes enclosing approved floating roof storage tanks, or when storage tanks are provided with approved attached extinguishing systems.

• (5) No dike enclosing crude petroleum storage tanks shall include storage tanks containing Class I or Class II flammable liquids.

• (6) Provision may be made for draining water from diked areas if the area where the piping passes through the dikes is protected from seepage by flanges or other suitable means.

58 The drainage of dikes, tanks, pipelines, etc. containing flammable liquids or flammable liquid residues into lakes, streams, storm sewers or sanitary sewers is prohibited.

• 59 (1) In the spring of each year after the ground has completely thawed, the owning or operating company shall test for leakage by subjecting all marine dock pipelines on carrier’s property to a pressure test of 50 per cent in excess of the maximum working pressure.

• (2) The results of the last annual leakage test shall be retained on file by the owning or operating company for examination when requested by an inspector of the Commission.

• (3) During pumping operations, all marine dock pipelines shall be inspected by the owning or operating company at regular intervals.

60 No electric lines other than those serving the installation shall cross over the installation. These lines shall not be constructed over tanks and shall be restricted to non-hazardous areas.