Heavy-duty Vehicle and Engine Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations
Marginal note:CO2 emission standard
27 (1) Subject to subsections (7) and (8), every tractor and incomplete tractor of the 2014 and subsequent model years must have a CO2 emission rate that does not exceed the applicable CO2 emission standard set out in the following table for the model year in question for the applicable useful life of the tractor:
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Item Class of Tractor Characteristics CO2 Emission Standard (grams of CO2 per tonne-mile) for the 2014 to 2016 Model Years CO2 Emission Standard (grams of CO2 per tonne-mile) for the 2017 and Subsequent Model Years 1 Class 7 Low-roof (all cab styles) 107 104 2 Class 7 Mid-roof (all cab styles) 119 115 3 Class 7 High-roof (all cab styles) 124 120 4 Class 8 Low-roof day cab 81 80 5 Class 8 Low-roof sleeper cab 68 66 6 Class 8 Mid-roof day cab 88 86 7 Class 8 Mid-roof sleeper cab 76 73 8 Class 8 High-roof day cab 92 89 9 Class 8 High-roof sleeper cab 75 72 Marginal note:Modelling CO2 emissions to demonstrate compliance
(2) The CO2 emission rate must be determined using the GEM computer simulation model with the following parameters:
(a) the “regulatory subcategory” referred to in the GEM computer simulation model corresponds to a type of tractor referred to in any of subparagraphs 18(3)(a)(v) to (xiii), whichever applies to the tractor being modelled;
(b) the coefficient of aerodynamic drag determined in accordance with subsection (4);
(c) the steer tire rolling resistance level and the drive tire rolling resistance level measured for each tire configuration in accordance with section 520(c) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart F, of the CFR;
(d) in the case of a tractor equipped with a vehicle speed limiter, the maximum speed, expressed in miles per hour and rounded to the nearest 0.1 mile per hour, to which the tractor is limited, determined in accordance with section 640 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart G, of the CFR;
(e) the weight reduction value, calculated by adding the applicable values set out in the tables in the following subparagraphs:
(i) in the case of tires and wheels, the weight reduction value corresponds to the sum of the applicable weight reduction values set out in column 3 for each of the tractor’s wheels that are set out in the following table:
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Item Tire Type Wheel Type Weight Reduction Value (pounds per wheel) 1 Single-wide drive tire Steel wheel 84 2 Single-wide drive tire Aluminum wheel 139 3 Single-wide drive tire Light-weight aluminum wheel (weighs at least 9.5 kg (21 pounds) less than a similar steel wheel) 147 4 Steer tire or dual-wide drive tire High-strength steel wheel (steel with tensile strength of 350 MPa or more) 8 5 Steer tire or dual-wide drive tire Aluminum wheel 21 6 Steer tire or dual-wide drive tire Light-weight aluminum wheel (weighs at least 9.5 kg (21 pounds) less than a similar steel wheel) 30 (ii) in the case of the following components, the weight reduction value corresponds to the sum of the applicable weight reduction values for each of the tractor’s components that are set out in the following table:
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Item Component Aluminum Weight Reduction Value (pounds) High-strength Steel (steel with tensile strength of 350 MPa or more) Weight Reduction Value (pounds) 1 Door 20 6 2 Roof 60 18 3 Cab rear wall 49 16 4 Cab floor 56 18 5 Hood support structure system 15 3 6 Fairing support structure system 35 6 7 Instrument panel support structure 5 1 8 Brake drums – drive (4 units) 140 11 9 Brake drums – non-drive (2 units) 60 8 10 Frame rails 440 87 11 Crossmember – cab 15 5 12 Crossmember – suspension 25 6 13 Crossmember – non-suspension (3 units) 15 5 14 Fifth wheel 100 25 15 Radiator support 20 6 16 Fuel tank support structure 40 12 17 Steps 35 6 18 Bumper 33 10 19 Shackles 10 3 20 Front axle 60 15 21 Suspension brackets and hangers 100 30 22 Transmission case 50 12 23 Clutch housing 40 10 24 Drive axle hubs (8 units) 160 4 25 Non-drive front hubs (2 units) 40 5 26 Driveshaft 20 5 27 Transmission and clutch shift levers 20 4
(f) in the case of a Class 8 sleeper cab, if the tractor is equipped with idle reduction technology that conforms to section 660 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart G, of the CFR, and that automatically shuts off the main engine after 300 seconds or less, the corresponding value is 5 grams of CO2 per tonne-mile or if applicable, is calculated in accordance with section 660(c) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart G, of the CFR.
Marginal note:Weight reduction technologies
(3) For greater certainty, CO2 emission credits for weight reduction technologies that are not referred to in paragraph (2)(e) may be obtained under section 41.
Marginal note:Calculation of coefficient of aerodynamic drag
(4) Subject to subsections (5) and (6), the coefficient of aerodynamic drag (CD) is determined by
(a) measuring the drag area (CDA) in accordance with the coastdown testing referred to in subpart F of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, of the CFR, rounded to two decimal places and taking into account the following criteria:
(i) high-roof tractors must be tested with the standard trailer referred to in section 501(g) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart F, of the CFR, and low-roof and mid-roof tractors must be tested without a trailer, unless they are tested with a trailer to evaluate innovative technologies, and
(ii) the tractors and standard trailers referred to in section 501(g) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart F, of the CFR must be equipped with tires that are mounted on steel rims in accordance with section 521(b)(2) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart F, of the CFR; and
(b) determining, in accordance with section 520(b) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart F, of the CFR, the tractor’s coefficient of aerodynamic drag (CD) and bin level that correspond to the tractor’s drag area (CDA) calculated in paragraph (a).
Marginal note:Alternative bin level
(5) For low-roof and mid-roof tractors, the bin level may be determined using the bin level of an equivalent high-roof tractor as follows:
(a) if the equivalent high-roof tractor is in Bin I or Bin II, the low-roof and mid-roof tractors must be in Bin I; or
(b) if the equivalent high-roof tractor is in Bin III, Bin IV or Bin V, the low-roof and mid-roof tractors must be in Bin II.
Marginal note:Alternative method for measuring drag area
(6) Instead of the method referred to in paragraph (4)(a), a company may elect to measure the tractor’s drag area (CDA) in accordance with any other method described in subpart F of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, of the CFR, if,
(a) in the case of a tractor that is covered by an EPA certificate, the election has been approved by the EPA for that tractor, under section 521(c) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart F, of the CFR, and the company provides the Minister with evidence of the EPA approval; and
(b) in the case of a tractor that is not covered by an EPA certificate, the company provides the Minister with evidence demonstrating that the alternative method for measuring the tractor’s drag area referred to in this subsection is more representative of that tractor’s drag area.
Marginal note:Option to conform to higher vehicle service class
(7) For any given vehicle referred to in subsection (1), a company may elect to conform to the emission standards and useful life applicable to a higher vehicle service class in which case the company must not obtain credits for those vehicles when participating in the CO2 emission credit system set out in sections 34 to 47.
Marginal note:Calculation using fleets and subfleets
(8) A company may elect to comply with subsection (1) by grouping all its tractors and incomplete tractors of a given model year into fleets or subfleets, as the case may be, in accordance with section 18 and participating in the CO2 emission credit system set out in sections 34 to 47.
Marginal note:Family emission limit
(9) For the purposes of subsection (8), every tractor and incomplete tractor within a fleet or subfleet, as the case may be, must conform to the CO2 family emission limit determined by the company for the fleet or subfleet of the vehicle, as the case may be, and corresponding to the value determined for B in the formula set out in paragraph 35(1)(c).
Marginal note:Engines meeting requirements
(10) Every tractor and incomplete tractor of the 2014 and subsequent model years must be equipped with a heavy-duty engine that meets the requirements of these Regulations.
- Date modified: