Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations
Marginal note:Definitions
1 (1) The following definitions apply in these Regulations.
Act
Loi
Act means the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999. (Loi)
advanced technology vehicle
véhicule à technologie de pointe
advanced technology vehicle means an electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle. (véhicule à technologie de pointe)
alcohol dual fuel vehicle
véhicule à alcool à double carburant
alcohol dual fuel vehicle means a vehicle that
(a) is designed to operate either on
(i) alcohol fuel or gasoline, or
(ii) alcohol fuel or diesel fuel;
(b) yields equal or greater energy efficiency, calculated in accordance with section 510(g)(1) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart F, of the CFR, while operating on alcohol fuel as it does while operating on gasoline or diesel fuel; and
(c) meets or exceeds the minimum driving range set out in section 5(a) of Title 49, subtitle B, chapter V, part 538, of the CFR. (véhicule à alcool à double carburant)
alcohol fuel
alcool carburant
alcohol fuel means a fuel mixture containing 85% or more by volume of methanol, ethanol, or other alcohols. (alcool carburant)
approach angle
angle d’approche
approach angle means the smallest angle, in a plan side view of a vehicle, formed by the level surface on which the vehicle is standing and a line tangent to the front tire static loaded radius arc and touching the underside of the vehicle forward of the front tire. (angle d’approche)
automobile
automobile
automobile means any four-wheeled self-propelled vehicle that is designed for use on highways and that has a GVWR of less than 4 536 kg (10,000 pounds), except
(a) a vehicle manufactured in different stages by two or more manufacturers, if no intermediate or final-stage manufacturer of that vehicle manufactures more than 10,000 multistage vehicles per year; and
(b) a work truck. (automobile)
axle clearance
garde au sol sous les essieux
axle clearance means the vertical distance from the level surface on which a vehicle is standing to the lowest point on the axle differential of the vehicle. (garde au sol sous les essieux)
break-over angle
angle de rampe
break-over angle means the supplement of the largest angle, in the plan side view of a vehicle, that can be formed by two lines tangent to the front and rear static loaded radii arcs and intersecting at a point on the underside of the vehicle. (angle de rampe)
car line
ligne de voitures
car line means a group of vehicles of the same make and, if applicable, the same car division, that have a similar body or chassis. (ligne de voitures)
CFR
CFR
CFR means the Code of Federal Regulations of the United States as amended from time to time. (CFR)
CO2
CO2
CO2 means carbon dioxide. (CO2)
curb weight
masse en état de marche
curb weight means the actual or manufacturer’s estimated weight of a vehicle in operational status with all standard equipment and weight of fuel at nominal tank capacity and the weight of optional equipment. (masse en état de marche)
departure angle
angle de sortie
departure angle means the smallest angle, in a plan side view of a vehicle, formed by the level surface on which the vehicle is standing and a line tangent to the rear tire static loaded radius arc and touching the underside of the vehicle rearward of the rear tire. (angle de sortie)
electric vehicle
véhicule électrique
electric vehicle means a vehicle that
(a) conforms to the emission standards of bin 1 set out in a horizontal row in Table S04-1 in section 1811 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR;
(b) is powered solely by an electric motor drawing current from a rechargeable energy storage system, provided that recharge energy can be drawn from a source that is not on-board the vehicle; and
(c) does not have an on-board combustion engine-generator system as a means of providing electrical energy. (véhicule électrique)
emergency vehicle
véhicule d’urgence
emergency vehicle means a vehicle that is manufactured primarily for use as an ambulance or a police vehicle. (véhicule d’urgence)
EPA
EPA
EPA means the United States Environmental Protection Agency. (EPA)
EPA certificate
certificat de l’EPA
EPA certificate means a certificate of conformity to U.S. federal standards issued by the EPA. (certificat de l’EPA)
footprint
empreinte
footprint means the result of the product of the average width (measured in inches and rounded to the nearest tenth of an inch) of the lateral distance between the centrelines of the front and rear base tires at ground, multiplied by the longitudinal distance between the front and rear wheel centrelines (measured in inches and rounded to the nearest tenth of an inch), divided by 144 and rounded to the nearest tenth of a square foot. (empreinte)
fuel cell vehicle
véhicule à pile à combustible
fuel cell vehicle means an electric vehicle propelled solely by an electric motor, the energy for the motor being supplied by an electrochemical cell that produces electricity without fuel combustion. (véhicule à pile à combustible)
GVWR
PNBV
GVWR means the gross vehicle weight rating specified by a manufacturer as the maximum design loaded weight of a single vehicle. (PNBV)
hybrid electric vehicle
véhicule électrique hybride
hybrid electric vehicle means a vehicle that is powered by an electric motor drawing current from a rechargeable energy storage system from an on-board electric source and by an internal combustion engine or heat engine. (véhicule électrique hybride)
light truck
camion léger
light truck means an automobile
(a) that has four-wheel drive or a GVWR of more than 2 722 kg (6,000 pounds) and that has at least four of the following characteristics calculated when the automobile is at curb weight, on a level surface, with the front wheels parallel to the automobile’s longitudinal centreline and the tires inflated to the manufacturer’s recommended pressure:
(i) approach angle of not less than 28 degrees,
(ii) break-over angle of not less than 14 degrees,
(iii) departure angle of not less than 20 degrees,
(iv) running clearance of not less than 20 centimetres,
(v) front and rear axle clearances of not less than 18 centimetres; or
(b) that is designed to perform at least one of the following functions:
(i) transport more than 10 persons,
(ii) provide temporary living quarters,
(iii) transport property on an open bed,
(iv) provide greater cargo-carrying than passenger-carrying volume, the cargo-carrying volume of a vehicle sold with a second-row seat being determined with that seat installed, regardless of whether or not the manufacturer has described that seat as optional,
(v) permit expanded use of the automobile for cargo-carrying purposes through the removal or stowing of seats to create a flat surface extending from the forwardmost point of installation of those seats to the rear of the automobile’s interior, with automobiles of the 2012 and subsequent model years being equipped with at least three rows of designated seating positions as standard equipment. (camion léger)
model type
type de modèle
model type means passenger automobiles or light trucks that have the same combination of car line, transmission class and basic engine or basic electric motor. (type de modèle)
model year
année de modèle
model year means the year, as determined under section 4, that is used by a manufacturer to designate a model of vehicle. (année de modèle)
natural gas dual fuel vehicle
véhicule à gaz naturel à double carburant
natural gas dual fuel vehicle means a vehicle that
(a) is designed to operate either on
(i) natural gas or gasoline, or
(ii) natural gas or diesel fuel;
(b) yields equal or greater energy efficiency, calculated in accordance with section 510(g)(1) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart F, of the CFR, while operating on natural gas as it does while operating on gasoline or diesel fuel; and
(c) meets or exceeds the minimum driving range set out in section 5(a) of Title 49, subtitle B, chapter V, part 538, of the CFR. (véhicule à gaz naturel à double carburant)
nominal tank capacity
capacité nominale du réservoir à carburant
nominal tank capacity means the volume of the fuel tank specified by the manufacturer to the nearest three eighths of a litre (one tenth of a U.S. gallon). (capacité nominale du réservoir à carburant)
passenger automobile
automobile à passagers
passenger automobile means any automobile, other than a light truck, that is designed for use in the transportation of not more than 10 persons. (automobile à passagers)
plug-in hybrid electric vehicle
véhicule électrique hybride rechargeable
plug-in hybrid electric vehicle means a hybrid electric vehicle that has the capability to recharge its energy storage system from an electric source that is not on board the vehicle. (véhicule électrique hybride rechargeable)
running clearance
jeu fonctionnel
running clearance means the vertical distance from the level surface on which a vehicle is standing to the lowest point on the vehicle, excluding any point on a component that forms part of the vehicle’s unsprung weight. (jeu fonctionnel)
static loaded radius arc
arc du rayon sous charge
static loaded radius arc means a portion of a circle whose centre is the centre of a standard tire-rim combination of a vehicle and whose radius is the distance from that centre to the level surface on which the vehicle is standing, measured with the vehicle at curb weight, the wheel parallel to the vehicle’s longitudinal centreline and the tire inflated to the manufacturer’s recommended pressure. (arc du rayon sous charge)
temporary living quarters
abri provisoire
temporary living quarters means a space in the interior of an automobile that includes sleeping surfaces and household conveniences and in which people may temporarily live. (abri provisoire)
transmission class
catégorie de transmissions
transmission class means a group of transmissions having the following common features:
(a) basic transmission type;
(b) number of forward gears used in the tests conducted for the purposes of subsection 18(3);
(c) drive system;
(d) type of overdrive, if applicable; and
(e) torque converter type, if applicable. (catégorie de transmissions)
useful life
durée de vie utile
useful life means the period of time or use in respect of which an emission standard applies to a vehicle, as follows
(a) in the case of a passenger automobile or light truck other than a “medium-duty passenger vehicle” as defined in subsection 1(1) of the On-Road Vehicle and Engine Emission Regulations — 10 years or 120,000 miles; whichever occurs first; or
(b) in the case of a light truck that is a “medium-duty passenger vehicle” as defined in subsection 1(1) of the On-Road Vehicle and Engine Emission Regulations — 11 years or 120,000 miles; whichever occurs first. (durée de vie utile)
work truck
camion de travail
work truck means a vehicle that has a GVWR of more than 3 856 kg (8,500 pounds) and less than or equal to 4 536 kg (10,000 pounds) and does not include a medium-duty passenger vehicle as defined in subsection 1(1) of the On-Road Vehicle and Engine Emission Regulations. (camion de travail)
Marginal note:Basic engine and basic electric motor
(2) For the purposes of the definition model type in subsection (1), passenger automobiles or light trucks have the same basic engine or basic electric motor, if
(a) in the case of vehicles other than electric vehicles, their engines have the same
(i) manufacturer,
(ii) engine displacement,
(iii) number of cylinders,
(iv) fuel system, and
(v) catalyst; or
(b) in the case of electric vehicles, their electric motors have the same
(i) manufacturer,
(ii) electric traction motor,
(iii) motor controller,
(iv) battery configuration,
(v) electrical charging system, and
(vi) energy storage device.
Marginal note:CFR
(3) Standards that are incorporated by reference in these Regulations from the CFR are those expressly set out in the CFR and must be read as excluding
(a) references to the EPA or the Administrator of the EPA exercising discretion in any way;
(b) references to the Secretary of Transportation exercising discretion in any way;
(c) alternative standards related to fleet averages, other averages, emission credits, small volume manufacturers, or financial hardship; and
(d) standards or evidence of conformity of any authority other than the EPA.
- Date modified: